Reference

Language Reference

โปรแกรม Arduino สามารถแบ่งออกเป็นสามส่วนหลักคือ โครงสร้าง (structure) , ค่า (values (ตัวแปร) ((variables) และ ค่าคงที่ (constants)) และ ฟังก์ชั่น (Functions)

Structure

setup()
loop()

Control Structures
if
if...else
for
switch case
while
do... while
break
continue
return
goto

Further Syntax
; (semicolon)
{} (curly braces)
// (single line comment)
/* */ (multi-line comment)
#define
#include

Arithmetic Operators
= (assignment operator)
+  (addition)
- (subtraction)
* (multiplication)
/ (division)
% (modulo)

Comparison Operators
== (equal to)
!= (not equal to)
< (less than)
> (greater than)
<= (less than or equal to)
>= (greater than or equal to)

Boolean Operators
&& (and)
|| (or)
! (not)

Pointer Access Operators
* dereference operator
& reference operator

Bitwise Operators
& (bitwise and)
| (bitwise or)
^ (bitwise xor)
~ (bitwise not)
<< (bitshift left)
>> (bitshift right)

Compound Operators
++ (increment)
-- (decrement)
+= (compound addition)
-= (compound subtraction)
*= (compound multiplication)
/= (compound division)
%= (compound modulo)
&= (compound bitwise and)
|= (compound bitwise or)

Variables

Constants
HIGH | LOW
INPUT | OUTPUT | INPUT_PULLUP
LED_BUILTIN
true | false
integer constants
floating point constants

Data Types
void
boolean
char
unsigned char
byte
int
unsigned int
word
long
unsigned long
short
float
double
string - char array
String - object
array

Conversion
char()
byte()
int()
word()
long()
float()

Variable Scope & Qualifiers
variable scope
static
volatile
const

Utilities
sizeof()
PROGMEM

Functions

Digital I/O
pinMode()
digitalWrite()
digitalRead()

Analog I/O
analogReference()
analogRead()
analogWrite() - PWM

Due & Zero only
analogReadResolution()
analogWriteResolution()

Advanced I/O
tone()
noTone()
shiftOut()
shiftIn()
pulseIn()

Time
millis()
micros()
delay()
delayMicroseconds()

Math
min()
max()
abs()
constrain()
map()
pow()
sqrt()

Trigonometry
sin()
cos()
tan()

Characters
isAlphaNumeric()
isAlpha()
isAscii()
isWhitespace()
isControl()
isDigit()
isGraph()
isLowerCase()
isPrintable()
isPunct()
isSpace()
isUpperCase()
isHexadecimalDigit()

Random Numbers
randomSeed()
random()

Bits and Bytes
lowByte()
highByte()
bitRead()
bitWrite()
bitSet()
bitClear()
bit()

External Interrupts
attachInterrupt()
detachInterrupt()

Interrupts
interrupts()
noInterrupts()

Communication
Serial
Stream

USB (32u4 based boards and Due/Zero only)
Keyboard
Mouse

สามารถหาข้อมูล Libraries เพิ่มได้ที่ www.arduino.cc